X
Lost password?

Don't have an account?
Gain Access Now

X

Receive free daily analysis

NFL
NBA
NHL
NASCAR
CFB
MLB
MMA
PGA
ESPORTS
BETTING

Already have an account? Log In

X

Forgot Password


POPULAR FANTASY TOOLS

Expert Advice
Articles & Tools
Import Your Leagues
Draft Rankings
Draft Simulator
Enter League Settings
Value Picks
Compare Any Players
News and Alerts

Running Back Handcuffs Worth Drafting as Standalone Players

I've never been a handcuff enthusiast. I don't think it's an effective strategy. If I draft Kareem Hunt this year, I don't want Spencer Ware. He would just sit on my bench and have no chance at being a useful asset...unless Hunt goes down. I don't want Hunt to go down and I certainly would never root for an injury to any player, but especially not my first-round RB.

When drafting "handcuffs," I prefer to take someone else's handcuff. I'll take Ware when you take Hunt so that if Hunt does go down, now I have another RB2 in addition to the players I already have.

But the best type of "handcuffs" to draft are the ones with standalone value; the backups that are already usable fantasy assets with the upside for even more if they were able to seize control of the starter's job for whatever reason. Now just to be clear, guys like Tevin Coleman, Dion Lewis, and Mark Ingram, suspension notwithstanding, do not qualify for this list. They are not handcuffs. They are part of shared backfields where both RBs have standalone fantasy value. This list will focus on RBs that are clearly backups to the starter that also may have standalone value.

Be sure to check all of our fantasy football rankings for the 2025 playoffs:

 

More Than a Handcuff

Tarik Cohen, Chicago Bears

This is the most obvious name on the list. Jordan Howard is entrenched, for now, as the starter and is going significantly earlier in drafts than Tarik Cohen. If Howard were to get hurt, Cohen would not assume a three-down role, but his usage would certainly increase. Regardless, his usage should increase anyway.

New head coach Matt Nagy understands how to utilize his offensive weapons, something John Fox did not. Nagy envisions Cohen like a mini Tyreek Hill, which is exactly how he should be used. Cohen has excellent hands and is extremely fast as evidenced by his 4.42 40 time. Cohen burst onto the scene last year as an immediate fantasy weapon, primarily as a pass catcher. Then, inexplicably, John Fox stopped using him despite the Bears possessing one of the least talented pass-catching corps the league has ever seen. Although the Bears upgraded their pass catchers considerably with Allen Robinson, Trey Burton, and Taylor Gabriel, Cohen still stands to be an integral part of the offense.

Most promising is the clear move towards a more pass-oriented game plan. As is well-documented, Howard doesn't just have bad hands, he appears completely incapable of catching a football. Last season, Cohen saw a 35.9% snap share. I expect that number to be closer to 50% this season. Cohen is an immediate RB3/Flex play in PPR leagues with RB2 upside, depending on how the season goes for the Bears and how often they find themselves needing to throw.

LeGarrette Blount, Detroit Lions

I cannot believe I am advocating for LeGarrette Blount aa a worthy draft pick. I certainly would not take him anywhere near the single-digit rounds, but despite the crowded backfield in Detroit, Blount's path to value is not all that muddied.

Here are things we know: The Lions coaching staff has zero interest in pushing Dwayne Washington or Zach Zenner, despite both always having been way more talented than Ameer Abdullah. So we don't have to worry about Washington and Zenner. As for Abdullah, the Lions are done with him. If he is even still on the team, he may very well be a healthy scratch weekly as it is unlikely the Lions will activate four RBs on a weekly basis. Abdullah is also irrelevant.

That leaves us with Blount, Theo Riddick, and rookie Kerryon Johnson. Riddick's role will remain what it has been his entire career. He will be the primary passing-down back, but will likely see a decrease in his 45.8% snap share from last season. The Lions are going to push Johnson as their primary between the 20s early-down grinder. The good news for Blount's prospects is that Johnson could be terrible at professional football. R.C. Fischer from fantasyfootballmetrics.net described Johnson as "one of the worst 'top' RB prospect tapes I've ever watched" and said "I’m hard-pressed to find a worse RB prospect that I’ve ever scouted who was drafted in the first two rounds of an NFL Draft." Johnson is small for his size, weak as evidenced by his measly 11 reps on the bench press and has a tendency to try and leap defenders rather than truck them, is slow with poor burst and has awful hands. He really doesn't have a single redeeming quality as a runner. All he has going for him is the fact he was an SEC RB that compiled yards in college in a pro style offense.

That brings us back to the 31-year-old retread that I absolutely blasted as one of the worst picks at any point in a 2017 fantasy draft. Blount wasn't great last year, but still not one of my finer moments. Here I stand (okay, you got me, I'm sitting), telling you that LeGarrette Blount is going to be the most valuable member of the Lions run game. That is not to necessarily say he will be a weekly RB2 - he won't - but typically, the most valuable member of any run game is worth owning at least as a Flex play or a bye week filler. As Blount famously said back in 2014, "you don't sign me to sit me." That should certainly ring true this year as the Lions didn't go out of their way to bring in Blount to not use him. Blount is going to be the primary goal-line back and could find himself handling a few more early-down carries after Johnson proves to be incapable of playing football at the professional level.

C.J. Anderson, Carolina Panthers

Here is another guy I've described as merely replacement level that is actually worth something in the later rounds of your draft. My opinion of C.J. Anderson has not changed. There are dozens of running backs that can do what he does. But he is the other guy in Carolina - he's the one they signed. So that means something. Obviously, if Christian McCaffrey were to get hurt, Anderson would become an immediate RB2. Regardless of my opinion on Anderson's talent, he's the clear #2 guy in Carolina and has handled full workloads before during his time in Denver.

In the meantime, Anderson will essentially be a better version of what Jonathan Stewart was last year. JStew carried the ball 198 times for 680 yards and six rushing touchdowns last season. Anderson likely will touch the ball a bit less, but should still see about 10-12 touches per game as well as the majority of goal-line touches. He will never be an every-week starter while McCaffrey is around, but Anderson can be situationally started based upon projected game script in weeks where Carolina is favored. McCaffrey is never going to be a 300-touch player or even 250 touches, which makes the other guy in his backfield always relevant. That guy happens to be CJA this year.

Peyton Barber, Tampa Bay Buccaneers

I remember when Peyton Barber was getting pushed by the Bucs last season and thinking, "really? This guy stinks." Turns out, Barber isn't nearly as bad as I thought. More importantly, I'm not entirely sure he's even the backup.

After the Bucs spent way too much draft capital on the overrated Ronald Jones, the natural assumption was that he would be the starter. Jones is not a 250-300 touch type back. He was always going to be part of a committee. With Doug Martin gone and Charles Sims proven to be ineffective, it's Jones and Barber as the likely tandem in Tampa. Not only was Barber relatively useful when he saw increased usage, he was also quite competent catching passes out of the backfield. Over his final five games last season, Barber caught 16 passes. That extrapolates to about 50 receptions over a full season. Jones is neither a power back nor a satellite back, despite his size, as he only caught 32 passes over his entire 40-game college career.

Barber is going to be selected significantly later than Jones in 2018 fantasy drafts even though this has the making of a legitimately 50-50 backfield with Barber the guy in near the goal line. I would not pay any premium to draft Barber, but as long as his price remains suppressed, he is the type of player that could have sneaky fantasy value and also be one injury away from an every week RB2. By no means should you reach for the guy, but when you're looking at taking a fifth RB in the 13th round and none of the options look appealing, take a guy with at least a realistic path to some value.

 

More NFL Sleepers & Draft Values




POPULAR FANTASY TOOLS

Expert Advice
Articles & Tools
Import Your Leagues
Draft Rankings
Draft Simulator
Enter League Settings
Value Picks
Compare Any Players
News and Alerts

REAL-TIME FANTASY NEWS

NFL19 mins ago

Patriots Re-Sign Ben Brown, Demontrey Jacobs
Michael Porter Jr.24 mins ago

Available Without Restrictions
Cleveland Browns26 mins ago

Dawand Jones Undergoes Knee Surgery
Aaron Gordon29 mins ago

Ready To Go On Thursday
Jamal Murray32 mins ago

Available On Thursday
Los Angeles Chargers32 mins ago

Chargers Agree To Three-Year Deal With Elijah Molden
Joe Kelly40 mins ago

Could Retire
Jarlin Susana46 mins ago

Bringing The Heat In Camp
Jeremy Lauzon52 mins ago

Ruled Out For Rest Of Season
Luis García Jr.54 mins ago

Luis Garcia Jr. Firmly Entrenched As Starting Second Baseman
Dallas Cowboys59 mins ago

Zack Martin To Retire
Kyle Connor1 hour ago

Scratched On Thursday
Jose Quintana1 hour ago

Mets, Jose Quintana Discussing Reunion
Josh Morrissey1 hour ago

Will Not Play On Thursday
Igor Shesterkin1 hour ago

May Be Available Against Sabres
Seth Martinez1 hour ago

Marlins Claim Seth Martinez
Bryan Rust1 hour ago

Ready To Return To Penguins Lineup
Evgeni Malkin2 hours ago

On Track To Return Saturday
Andrew Heaney2 hours ago

Signs One-Year Deal With Pittsburgh
Precious Achiuwa2 hours ago

Miles McBride Starting Against Chicago
Seth Jarvis2 hours ago

Rejoins Canada's Lineup Thursday
Ryan Yarbrough2 hours ago

Signs Minor-League Contract With Toronto
OG Anunoby2 hours ago

Ruled Out On Thursday
Brady Tkachuk2 hours ago

Good To Go Thursday
Trae Young2 hours ago

Cleared To Meet Orlando
Bobby Miller2 hours ago

In Concussion Protocol
Damian Lillard2 hours ago

Active Thursday, Will Have Minutes Restriction
Giannis Antetokounmpo2 hours ago

Available On Thursday
Jonathan Kuminga2 hours ago

Back Practicing, Out On Friday
Marcus Smart3 hours ago

Set To Make Debut For Washington On Friday
Juan Yepez3 hours ago

Working At Third Base In Camp
Khris Middleton3 hours ago

To Make His Wizards Debut On Friday
Fred VanVleet3 hours ago

Will Be A Game-Time Decision On Friday
Malcolm Brogdon3 hours ago

Out Of Action For Friday
Jabari Smith Jr.3 hours ago

Ready To Return On Friday
Michael Toglia3 hours ago

Says He's An Everyday Player
Dwight Powell4 hours ago

Doubtful To Return Friday
Charlie Morton4 hours ago

Under The Weather
P.J. Washington4 hours ago

Questionable Friday Against The Pelicans
Albert Suárez4 hours ago

Albert Suarez To Start Grapefruit League Opener
Kevin Love4 hours ago

Out Friday Versus Raptors
Tyler Herro4 hours ago

Likely Good To Go On Friday
Paul Goldschmidt4 hours ago

To Play In Spring Opener On Friday
Ian Hamilton4 hours ago

Faces Live Hitters
Jarred Vanderbilt4 hours ago

Ruled Out Thursday
Jakob Poeltl4 hours ago

Ruled Out For Friday Versus Heat
Landen Roupp4 hours ago

To Start Cactus League Opener On Saturday
Tyler Fitzgerald4 hours ago

Resumes Baseball Activities
Norman Powell4 hours ago

Is Questionable Thursday Against The Bucks
Bobby Miller4 hours ago

Struck By Comebacker In Cactus League Opener
Aaron Judge5 hours ago

To Be Held Out Of Spring Games Until March 1
Spencer Steer5 hours ago

To Start Throwing Soon
Eury Pérez5 hours ago

Eury Perez Placed On 60-Day Injured List
Paul Blackburn5 hours ago

Throws To Hitters
NFL6 hours ago

Doug Nussmeier Officially Lands Saints Offensive Coordinator Job
Las Vegas Raiders7 hours ago

Offensive Lineman Jon Feliciano Calls It A Career
Philadelphia Eagles7 hours ago

Cam Jurgens Undergoes Back Procedure
Gerald Everett10 hours ago

Unlikely To Stick Around With Bears
Miles Sanders10 hours ago

Panthers Likely To Cut Miles Sanders
Buffalo Bills10 hours ago

Bills Must Do Something About Von Miller's Contract
Baltimore Ravens10 hours ago

Marcus Williams Expected To Be Cut
Atlanta Falcons11 hours ago

Falcons Could Cut David Onyemata To Get Younger Up Front
Arizona Cardinals11 hours ago

Jalen Thompson A Potential Cap Casualty
Stefon Diggs11 hours ago

Texans Open To Bringing Stefon Diggs Back
Jared Spurgeon13 hours ago

Battling Illness
Nico Hischier13 hours ago

Targeting Saturday Return
Thatcher Demko13 hours ago

Deemed Week-To-Week
Kirill Marchenko14 hours ago

Could Return On Saturday
Adam Lowry14 hours ago

Set To Return On Saturday
Charlie McAvoy14 hours ago

Develops Shoulder Infection
Seattle Seahawks21 hours ago

Ernest Jones IV Not In Play For Franchise Tag
Los Angeles Rams21 hours ago

Rams Unlikely To Use Franchise Tag On Alaric Jackson
New Orleans Saints21 hours ago

Paulson Adebo A Long Shot To Receive Franchise Tag
Keenan Allen23 hours ago

Bears Likely To Let Keenan Allen, Teven Jenkins Walk In Free Agency
New England Patriots23 hours ago

Patriots Release Sione Takitaki
Keith Kirkwood23 hours ago

Ravens Re-Sign Keith Kirkwood
Darius Slayton1 day ago

Won't Be Franchise-Tagged
PGA1 day ago

Kris Ventura A Strong Value Pick At The Mexican Open
Sam Ryder1 day ago

A Player To Watch At The Mexican Open
Aldrich Potgieter1 day ago

An Intriguing Option At The Mexican Open
Mac Meissner1 day ago

Looking To Regain Form At The Mexican Open
PGA1 day ago

K.H. Lee A Player To Avoid At The Mexican Open
Stephan Jaeger1 day ago

Aims For Consistency At Mexican Open
Nicolai Hojgaard1 day ago

Poised For Strong Performance At Mexican Open
Joel Dahmen1 day ago

Difficult To Trust At Mexican Open
Michael Thorbjornsen2 days ago

Looks To Get Things Going In The Right Direction At Mexico Open
Davis Riley2 days ago

An Unlikely Candidate For Success At Mexico Open
Luke List2 days ago

A Risky Play With Upside At Mexican Open
Carson Young2 days ago

A Volatile Option At Mexican Open
Ryan Fox2 days ago

A Boom-Or-Bust Play At Mexican Open
Alex Smalley2 days ago

A Solid Play At Mexican Open
Kevin Yu2 days ago

A Risky Play With Upside At Mexican Open
Taylor Moore2 days ago

An Intriguing Option At Mexican Open
Rasmus Hojgaard2 days ago

Eyeing A Major Bounce-Back At Mexican Open
Michael Kim2 days ago

Looks To Keep Momentum Going At Mexican Open
Sam Stevens2 days ago

Continues His Excellent 2025 Season At Genesis Invitational
Patrick Rodgers2 days ago

Finishes Tied For Third At Genesis Invitational
Thorbjorn Olesen2 days ago

Makes First PGA Tour Start In 2025 At Mexico Open
Nathan MacKinnon3 days ago

Pots Two Goals In Monday's Win
Sam Reinhart3 days ago

Dishes Out Three Assists Against Finland
Lucas Raymond3 days ago

Tries To Extend Point Streak Against USA
William Byron3 days ago

Trusts His Instinct To Win Second Straight Daytona 500
Jake Guentzel3 days ago

Looks To Extend Multi-Point Streak Monday
Jimmie Johnson3 days ago

Has Unexpected Emotions After Podium Finish At Daytona 500
Jake Oettinger3 days ago

Starts Against Sweden
John Hunter Nemechek3 days ago

Gets First Career Top-Five Finish At Daytona 500
Jake Sanderson3 days ago

Slots Into Team USA Lineup
Matthew Tkachuk3 days ago

Ruled Out Monday
Gregory Rodrigues3 days ago

Gets TKO'd At UFC Vegas 102
Jared Cannonier3 days ago

Gets Back In The Win Column
Nazim Sadykhov3 days ago

Remains Undefeated In The UFC
Ismael Bonfim3 days ago

Suffers Fifth Career Loss At UFC Vegas 102
Rodolfo Vieira3 days ago

Drops Decision At UFC Vegas 102
Andre Petroski3 days ago

Extends His Win Streak
Ryan Blaney3 days ago

Strong Daytona 500 Performance Falls Short Of Victory
Kyle Larson3 days ago

Continues To Struggle At Daytona After Underwhelming Result
Chase Briscoe3 days ago

Scores First Top-Five Finish With Joe Gibbs Racing At Daytona 500
Tyler Reddick3 days ago

Quietly Finishes The Daytona 500 As The Runner-Up
Ross Chastain3 days ago

Daytona 500 Effort Ends In An Early Crash
Connor Matthews4 days ago

Gets Knocked Out At UFC Vegas 102
Jose Miguel Delgado4 days ago

Jose Delgado Gets Quick Win In Debut At UFC Vegas 102
Dylan Budka4 days ago

Suffers First-Round Knockout Loss At UFC Vegas 102
Edmen Shahbazyan4 days ago

Gets Knockout Win At UFC Vegas 102
Calvin Kattar4 days ago

Suffers Fourth Straight Loss At UFC Vegas 102
Youssef Zalal4 days ago

Gets Decision Win At UFC Vegas 102
Denny Hamlin4 days ago

Fights For The Win But Gets Eliminated In Last-Lap Crash
Austin Cindric4 days ago

Has Best Run At Daytona 500 Until Last-Lap Crash
Justin Allgaier4 days ago

Earns First Top-10 Finish Since 2015
Martin Truex Jr4 days ago

.'s Sour Luck Continues With Early Daytona 500 Crash
Helio Castroneves4 days ago

Eliminated From Daytona 500 In Crash With Teammate
Joey Logano5 days ago

May Be A Favorite To Find The Front At Daytona, But What About For DFS?
Denny Hamlin5 days ago

Is Denny Hamlin Worth Rostering For Daytona Lineups?
Chase Elliott5 days ago

Could Chase Elliott Be Worth Rostering At Daytona This Week?
Ryan Blaney5 days ago

Should DFS Players Trust Ryan Blaney This Week At Daytona?
Alex Bowman5 days ago

Will Be One Of The Best DFS Plays Of The Week For Daytona
Brad Keselowski5 days ago

Is A DFS Lock For Daytona Lineups
Ross Chastain5 days ago

Has A Real Shot Of Winning But Should Be Avoided For DFS
Chris Buescher5 days ago

Undervalued For The Win At Daytona
RANKINGS
C
1B
2B
3B
SS
OF
SP
RP

RANKINGS

QB
RB
WR
TE
K
DEF

MORE RECENT ARTICLES

 
Shedeur Sanders - College Football Rankings, NCAA CFB DFS Lineup Picks

2025 Fantasy Football Rookie Quarterback Rankings - Cam Ward, Shedeur Sanders, Jalen Milroe, Jaxson Dart, Quinn Ewers, Will Howard, Dillon Gabriel

Rookie draft season in fantasy football is almost here, and while the 2025 quarterback class isn't necessarily loaded, there are a few signal callers who have significant upside. To help your rookie draft efforts, our NFL team has released its early 2025 fantasy football rookie quarterback rankings before the 2025 NFL Scouting Combine. Navigate the […]


Tyler Warren - College Football Rankings - NCAA CFB DFS Lineup Picks - NFL Draft

2025 Fantasy Football Rookie Tight End Rankings - Tyler Warren, Colston Loveland, Elijah Arroyo, Harold Fannin Jr., Mason Taylor, Gunnar Helm, more

A handful of rookie tight ends have had productive seasons over the last few years, and the 2025 group of rookie TEs is promising at this point in the pre-draft process. To help you prepare for your rookie drafts, our NFL team has released its early 2025 fantasy football rookie tight end rankings before the […]


Jaxson Dart - College Football Rankings, NCAA CFB DFS Lineup Picks

NFL Draft QB Prospect Comparisons: Which 2025 Rookies Resemble Today’s Fantasy Stars?

It never hurts to compare the best college prospects at each position to pro players who are similar in many respects. Unfortunately, it might not be the most useful thing to do in a weak quarterback class, but I'll try my best either way. There is one gem that's being underrated, though, and he'll be […]


Marvin Mims Jr. - Fantasy Football Rankings, Draft Sleepers, NFL DFS Picks

Five Wide Receiver Sleepers For 2025 Dynasty Fantasy Football Leagues

Wide receivers are in high demand in dynasty fantasy football leagues. They come off draft boards early and can be difficult to acquire in trades. Even with many pass-catchers available, values and sleepers still exist in this position. Identifying a few can give you a nice advantage over the rest of your league. They might […]


Travis Hunter - Fantasy Football Rankings, NFL Draft Prospects, NFL Rookies

Early 2025 Fantasy Football IDP Sleepers and Draft Targets

As any manager in an IDP league can tell you, adding defensive players to a fantasy draft changes the math. IDP formats not only require wider knowledge of league-wide rosters, it asks managers to create value systems like the real NFL Draft.  Managers having wildly different value systems are often part of the fun. Is […]


Shedeur Sanders - College Football Rankings, NCAA CFB DFS Lineup Picks

2025 Fantasy Football QB Rookie Rankings (Pre-NFL Draft) - Cam Ward, Shedeur Sanders, Jaxon Dart, and more

It's time to get excited. The NFL Combine is just weeks away; the NFL Draft will be here before we know it. Even rookie fantasy drafts have been slowly popping up all over the place. If you have a draft coming up or you're looking for some additional information about a player your favorite team […]


Tre Harris - College Football Rankings, NCAA CFB DFS Lineup Picks, NFL Draft

NFL Draft WR Prospect Comparisons: Which 2025 Rookies Resemble Fantasy Stars?

While pro comparisons are difficult to make accurately, as we don't know how a prospect's career will go and how much they'll develop their skills at the next level, it can help frame more accurately what a player's ceiling and floor are in the NFL. Not every career path is linear in the NFL, and […]


Luther Burden - College, NCAA, Draft, Prospects, CFB, Missouri

2025 Fantasy Football Rookie Wide Receiver Rankings - Tetairoa McMillan, Luther Burden, Emeka Egbuka, Isaiah Bond, Tre Harris, Jalen Royals

The 2025 wide receiver draft class isn't viewed as one of the strongest in recent years, but there are always early-round and late-round rookies who make instant fantasy football impacts. Our NFL team has released its early 2025 fantasy football rookie wide receiver rankings before the 2025 NFL Scouting Combine. Below, you can find out […]


Quinshon Judkins - College Football Rankings - NCAA CFB DFS Lineup Picks - NFL Draft

2025 Fantasy Football Rookie Running Back Rankings - Ashton Jeanty, Omarion Hampton, Kaleb Johnson, Quinshon Judkins, Devin Neal, RJ Harvey

It's almost time for the NFL scouting combine, which means the NFL Draft and fantasy football rookie drafts are right around the corner. Our NFL team has released its early 2025 fantasy football rookie running back rankings before the 2025 NFL Scouting Combine. Luckily, this is a loaded running back class. Let's check below to […]


Kyren Williams - Fantasy Football Rankings, Draft Sleepers, NFL Injury News

Dynasty Fantasy Football Avoids - Players To Trade Away and Fade in Dynasty Start-Up Drafts

There are always players that are overvalued in Dynasty fantasy football, and if you happen to take them in a start-up draft, you can be in big trouble. It's not always easy to predict how players' careers will go, though. They can seemingly rise and fall in drafts without much warning. And owning a player […]


Caleb Williams - Fantasy Football Rankings, QB, NFL Rookies, Draft Sleepers

Early 2025 Fantasy Football Sleepers and Draft Targets - Quarterbacks

The Super Bowl has come and gone which means there is officially a wrap on the 2024 NFL season. All that means is that the 2025 fantasy football season has essentially begun. It is never too early to evaluate who we may be targeting during this fall's drafts. Quarterback has been an interesting position to […]


Tyler Warren - College Football Rankings - NCAA CFB DFS Lineup Picks - NFL Draft

2025 Fantasy Football TE Rookie Rankings (Pre-NFL Draft) - Tyler Warren, Elijah Arroyo, Harold Fannin Jr., and more

The positional strengths of certain positions cycle every year. Last year, the quarterback and wide receiver classes were strong. This season, they give way to the running back and tight end positions. As prospects prepare to hear their names called at the NFL Draft, fantasy managers look to gain the upper hand on their competition […]


Travis Kelce - Fantasy Football Rankings, NFL DFS Picks, Injury News

The Tight End Age Cliff: When Should You Fade Aging Fantasy Football Veterans?

In professional football, the "age cliff" of a player is the age at which their production takes a sharp downturn and never recovers. While plenty of players have down seasons and others suffer career-ending or career-altering injuries, these are different than simple declines due to their bodies not being able to handle NFL punishment or […]